diff --git a/mopidy/config/__init__.py b/mopidy/config/__init__.py
index 6438f975..3cbc92b3 100644
--- a/mopidy/config/__init__.py
+++ b/mopidy/config/__init__.py
@@ -111,10 +111,12 @@ def _format(config, comments, schemas, display):
     output = []
     for schema in schemas:
         serialized = schema.serialize(config.get(schema.name, {}), display=display)
-        output.append(b'[%s]' % schema.name)
+        if not serialized:
+            continue
+        output.append(b'[%s]' % bytes(schema.name))
         for key, value in serialized.items():
-            comment = comments.get(schema.name, {}).get(key, b'')
-            output.append(b'%s =' % key)
+            comment = bytes(comments.get(schema.name, {}).get(key, ''))
+            output.append(b'%s =' % bytes(key))
             if value is not None:
                 output[-1] += b' ' + value
             if comment:
diff --git a/mopidy/config/convert.py b/mopidy/config/convert.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f292e302
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mopidy/config/convert.py
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+from __future__ import unicode_literals
+
+import io
+import os.path
+import sys
+
+from mopidy import config as config_lib, ext
+from mopidy.utils import path
+
+
+def load():
+    settings_file = path.expand_path('$XDG_CONFIG_DIR/mopidy/settings.py')
+    print 'Checking %s' % settings_file
+
+    setting_globals = {}
+    try:
+        execfile(settings_file, setting_globals)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print 'Problem loading settings: %s' % e
+    return setting_globals
+
+
+def convert(settings):
+    config = {}
+
+    def helper(confval, setting_name):
+        if settings.get(setting_name) is not None:
+            section, key = confval.split('/')
+            config.setdefault(section, {})[key] = settings[setting_name]
+
+    # Perform all the simple mappings using our helper:
+
+    helper('logging/console_format', 'CONSOLE_LOG_FORMAT')
+    helper('logging/debug_format', 'DEBUG_LOG_FORMAT')
+    helper('logging/debug_file', 'DEBUG_LOG_FILENAME')
+
+    helper('audio/mixer', 'MIXER')
+    helper('audio/mixer_track', 'MIXER_TRACK')
+    helper('audio/output', 'OUTPUT')
+
+    helper('proxy/hostname', 'SPOTIFY_PROXY_HOST')
+    helper('proxy/username', 'SPOTIFY_PROXY_USERNAME')
+    helper('proxy/password', 'SPOTIFY_PROXY_PASSWORD')
+
+    helper('local/media_dir', 'LOCAL_MUSIC_PATH')
+    helper('local/playlists_dir', 'LOCAL_PLAYLIST_PATH')
+    helper('local/tag_cache_file', 'LOCAL_TAG_CACHE_FILE')
+
+    helper('spotify/username', 'SPOTIFY_USERNAME')
+    helper('spotify/password', 'SPOTIFY_PASSWORD')
+    helper('spotify/bitrate', 'SPOTIFY_BITRATE')
+    helper('spotify/timeout', 'SPOTIFY_TIMEOUT')
+    helper('spotify/cache_dir', 'SPOTIFY_CACHE_PATH')
+
+    helper('stream/protocols', 'STREAM_PROTOCOLS')
+
+    helper('http/hostname', 'HTTP_SERVER_HOSTNAME')
+    helper('http/port', 'HTTP_SERVER_PORT')
+    helper('http/static_dir', 'HTTP_SERVER_STATIC_DIR')
+
+    helper('mpd/hostname', 'MPD_SERVER_HOSTNAME')
+    helper('mpd/port', 'MPD_SERVER_PORT')
+    helper('mpd/password', 'MPD_SERVER_PASSWORD')
+    helper('mpd/max_connections', 'MPD_SERVER_MAX_CONNECTIONS')
+    helper('mpd/connection_timeout', 'MPD_SERVER_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT')
+
+    helper('mpris/desktop_file', 'DESKTOP_FILE')
+
+    helper('scrobbler/username', 'LASTFM_USERNAME')
+    helper('scrobbler/password', 'LASTFM_PASSWORD')
+
+    # Assume FRONTENDS/BACKENDS = None implies all enabled, otherwise disable
+    # if our module path is missing from the setting.
+
+    frontends = settings.get('FRONTENDS')
+    if frontends is not None:
+        if 'mopidy.frontends.http.HttpFrontend' not in frontends:
+            config.setdefault('http', {})['enabled'] = False
+        if 'mopidy.frontends.mpd.MpdFrontend' not in frontends:
+            config.setdefault('mpd', {})['enabled'] = False
+        if 'mopidy.frontends.lastfm.LastfmFrontend' not in frontends:
+            config.setdefault('scrobbler', {})['enabled'] = False
+        if 'mopidy.frontends.mpris.MprisFrontend' not in frontends:
+            config.setdefault('mpris', {})['enabled'] = False
+
+    backends = settings.get('BACKENDS')
+    if backends is not None:
+        if 'mopidy.backends.local.LocalBackend' not in backends:
+            config.setdefault('local', {})['enabled'] = False
+        if 'mopidy.backends.spotify.SpotifyBackend' not in backends:
+            config.setdefault('spotify', {})['enabled'] = False
+        if 'mopidy.backends.stream.StreamBackend' not in backends:
+            config.setdefault('stream', {})['enabled'] = False
+
+    return config
+
+
+def main():
+    settings = load()
+    if not settings:
+        return
+
+    config = convert(settings)
+
+    known = [
+        'spotify', 'scrobbler', 'mpd', 'mpris', 'local', 'stream', 'http']
+    extensions = [e for e in ext.load_extensions() if e.ext_name in known]
+
+    print b'Converted config:\n'
+    print config_lib.format(config, extensions)
+
+    conf_file = path.expand_path('$XDG_CONFIG_DIR/mopidy/mopidy.conf')
+    if os.path.exists(conf_file):
+        print '%s exists, exiting.' % conf_file
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    print 'Write new config to %s? [yN]' % conf_file,
+    if raw_input() != 'y':
+        print 'Not saving, exiting.'
+        sys.exit(0)
+
+    serialized_config = config_lib.format(config, extensions, display=False)
+    with io.open(conf_file, 'wb') as filehandle:
+        filehandle.write(serialized_config)
+    print 'Done.'
diff --git a/mopidy/config/types.py b/mopidy/config/types.py
index f8614efd..29c41ae2 100644
--- a/mopidy/config/types.py
+++ b/mopidy/config/types.py
@@ -100,6 +100,8 @@ class Secret(ConfigValue):
         return value
 
     def serialize(self, value, display=False):
+        if isinstance(value, unicode):
+            value = value.encode('utf-8')
         if value is None:
             return b''
         elif display:
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 6b7b2a6f..bd1a5f75 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ setup(
         'console_scripts': [
             'mopidy = mopidy.__main__:main',
             'mopidy-scan = mopidy.scanner:main',
+            'mopidy-convert-config = mopidy.config.convert:main',
         ],
         'mopidy.ext': [
             'http = mopidy.frontends.http:Extension [http]',